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| | | Considered as wife of Jose Rizal, Josephine Bracken was born on August 9, 1876 in Victoria, Hong Kong. She and Rizal were allegedly married by a Spanish chaplain on the evening of Rizal's execution. |
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The Philippine National Anthem
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June 1898:
In preparation for the Proclamation of Independence, Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo asks musician Julian Felipe to compose a march befitting the occasion. Felipe’s composition, titled “Marcha Nacional Filipina,” is approved by Aguinaldo and other revolutionary leaders. On June 12, after the reading of the Proclamation, the band of San Francisco de Malabon plays the march as the Philippine flag is hoisted.
September 3, 1899:
La Independencia, a newspaper where poet Jose Palma is a staff member, publishes the score of Felipe’s march with a Palma poem, titled “Filipinas,” for lyrics. The march thus becomes a Felipe-Palma composition.
The 1920s:
Palma’s lyrics are translated into English by educator Camilo Osias and M.A.L. Lane.
May 1956:
President Ramon Magsaysay proclaims the Filipino translation of the lyrics by Ildefonso Santos and Julian Cruz Balmaceda, which appeared in the 1940s, as the official Filipino version.
Below are the three versions of the National Anthem.
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Himno Nacional Filipino (Spanish Version)
Tierra adorada,
hija del sol de Oriente,
su fuego ardiente
en ti latiendo esta.
Tierra de amores,
del heroismo cuna,
los invasores
no te hollaran jamas.
En tu azul cielo, en tus auras,
en tus montes y en tu mar
esplende y late el poema
de tu amada libertad.
Tu pabellon que en las lides
la victoria ilumino,
no vera nunca apagados
sus estrellas ni su sol.
Tierra de dichas, de sol y de amores
en tu regazo dulce es vivir;
es una gloria para tus hijos,
cuando te ofenden, por ti morir.
(From Jose Palma’s Melancolicas: Coleccion de Poesias, Libreria Manila Filatelica, 1912)
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The Philippine National Anthem (English Version)
Land of the Morning,
Child of the sun returning,
With fervor burning,
Thee do our souls adore.
Land dear and holy,
Cradle of noble heroes,
Ne’er shall invaders
Trample thy sacred shore.
Ever within thy skies and through thy clouds
And o’er thy hills and sea
Do we behold the radiance, feel the throb,
Of glorious liberty.
Thy banner, dear to all our hearts,
Its sun and stars alight,
O, never shall its shining field
Be dimmed by tyrant’s might!
Beautiful land of love,
O land of light,
In thine embrace ‘tis rapture to lie,
But it is glory ever, when thou art wronged,
For us, thy sons, to suffer and die.
(Translated from the Spanish by Camilo Osias and M.A.L. Lane; taken from Camilo Osias, Manlapaz Publishing Co., 1971)
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Lupang Hinirang (Filipino Version)
Bayang magiliw,
Perlas ng Silanganan.
Alab ng puso
Sa dibdib mo’y buhay.
Lupang hinirang,
Duyan ka ng magiting,
Sa manlulupig
Di ka pasisiil.
Sa dagat at bundok,
Sa simoy at sa langit mong bughaw,
May dilag ang tula
At awit sa paglayang minamahal.
Ang kislap ng watawat mo’y
Tagumpay na nagniningning;
Ang bituin at araw niya,
Kailan pa ma’y di magdidilim.
Lupa ng araw, ng luwalhati’t pagsinta,
Buhay ay langit sa piling mo;
Aming ligaya, na pag may mang-aapi,
Ang mamatay nang dahil sa iyo.
(From Camilo Osias: Educator and Statesman by Eduardo Bananal, Manlapaz Publishing Co., 1974)
Acknowledgements:
Thelma Kintanar and Associates. Cultural Dictionary for Filipinos. UP Press and Anvil Publishing
Students' Philippine Almanac. Children's Communication Center and Filway Marketing Inc., 1991.
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